Century plant care guide

Agave americana

Also known as: American agave, Variegated century plant

Pets and children

Caution advised

The hard leaf tips pierce deeply and the sap causes skin rashes; eating it can bring vomiting or diarrhea, so plant it away from paths and consult a veterinarian or doctor if swallowed.

How often to water Century plant

Spring–Summer (Mar–Sep)
Every 10 days
A summer grower: in a pot, water well a few days after the soil dries out; in the ground, rain is usually enough.
Autumn (Oct–Nov)
Every 14 days
As it cools, water roughly one to two weeks after the soil dries.
Winter (Dec–Feb)
Every month
Growth stops: keep pots nearly dry with a light watering about once a month, and give plants in the ground none, as a guide.

Light and placement for Century plant

A spot outdoors in all-day sun and moving air, as a guide; it grows large, so it suits a garden bed or a big pot on a balcony rather than a room, where light is usually too weak, and it takes full summer sun.

Overwintering Century plant

Overwintering guide: −5°C (23°F) or above

On the Kanto and Kansai plains it generally overwinters outdoors, taking about -5°C when dry; variegated forms are a little more tender, so keep them under the eaves out of frost and wind, as a guide.

Fertilizing and repotting Century plant

Fertilizer

It needs almost no feeding: about a small dose of slow-release fertilizer in spring, or none in the ground; overfeeding makes soft growth that suffers in cold.

When to repot

Spring–Summer (Mar–Sep)

Common problems with Century plant

  • Planted without room to grow, its spines end up over a path or against a wall.
  • Grown indoors, it lacks light and the leaves droop and scar.
  • In heavy soil it rots over winter.

Tips for growing Century plant

  • In a pot, move it up one size every few years to keep it shapely.
  • Snipping the spine tips makes it easier to live with near walkways.
  • Offsets around the base can be removed and grown on.

These are AI-generated general guidelines. They vary with the variety, the placement and the pot size. For effects on pets or children, consult a veterinarian or a doctor.

Keep your plant log going

Greenery is a free app that keeps your plant care going, with watering reminders and photo records. Available on iOS and Android.

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